Australia
GDP was US$1.80 trillion in 2025 (current US dollars). Real GDP grew 1.4% in 2025. GDP per capita at purchasing-power parity was $60,194 (constant 2021 international dollars, 2025).
How similar is Australia to Canada, and what links them?
Australia is a net energy exporter (net energy imports -211.2% of energy use) with the fastest population growth in the sample (1.5% in 2025) and inflation of 2.9%
Structure and recent performance
Australia produced US$1.8 trillion in 2025. Real GDP grew 1.4% in 2025 and 1.4% in 2024. GDP per person at purchasing-power parity is $60,194 and output per worker $114,582, both a little above Canada's ($57,990 and $113,563). Inflation was 2.9% and modelled unemployment 4.1%, with labour force participation of 66.5%. Services are 67.5% of GDP and manufacturing 5.3%, the smallest manufacturing share in the sample. The population is growing 1.5% a year. Net energy imports are -211.2% of energy use (negative means a net exporter).
Strengths and vulnerabilities
Australia resembles Canada in being a high-income, energy-exporting economy with fast population growth. The data show it with a larger net energy surplus, higher participation and low unemployment, and lower trade openness (45.9% of GDP against 63.5% for Canada). Central government debt is 57.9% of GDP (2022). This report holds no data on Australia's trade partners or monetary policy.
Connections to Canada
Australia took 0.4% of Canada's merchandise exports in 2025 and supplied 0.5% of its imports; one Australian dollar cost C$0.9877 on average in October 2026. As a commodity exporter Australia competes with Canada in some world markets, but no market data are compared here.
"The sample" in this profile means the twelve economies that have a profile here: the United States, China, Germany, France, the United Kingdom, Japan, India, South Korea, Canada, Mexico, Brazil and Australia. It is not a ranking of all countries, and each comparison uses the latest year available for each country, which can differ.
What the data say about Australia
GDP was US$1.80 trillion in 2025 (current US dollars). Real GDP grew 1.4% in 2025. GDP per capita at purchasing-power parity was $60,194 (constant 2021 international dollars, 2025). Consumer price inflation averaged 2.9% in 2025. The modelled unemployment rate was 4.1% in 2025. Exports plus imports equalled 46% of GDP in 2025. Population was 27.6 million in 2025.
| Indicator | Latest | Year | Freshness | Source |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| GDP (current US$) US$ (current) | 1.799e+12 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.MKTP.CD |
| GDP, PPP (constant 2021 international $) international $ (2021 PPP) | 1.662e+12 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.MKTP.PP.KD |
| GDP growth (annual %) % change, annual | 1.35 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.MKTP.KD.ZG |
| GDP per capita, PPP (constant 2021 international $) international $ (2021 PPP) | 60,194.06 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.PCAP.PP.KD |
| GDP per capita (current US$) US$ (current) | 65,129.72 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.PCAP.CD |
| GDP per capita growth (annual %) % change, annual | -0.19 | 2025 | current | WDI NY.GDP.PCAP.KD.ZG |
| Inflation, consumer prices (annual %) % change, annual average | 2.87 | 2025 | current | WDI FP.CPI.TOTL.ZG |
| Unemployment, total (% of total labor force) (modeled ILO estimate) % of labour force (modelled ILO estimate) | 4.09 | 2025 | current | WDI SL.UEM.TOTL.ZS |
| Labor force participation rate, total (% of total population ages 15+) (modeled ILO estimate) % of population 15+ (modelled ILO estimate) | 66.54 | 2025 | current | WDI SL.TLF.CACT.ZS |
| Trade (% of GDP) % of GDP | 45.9 | 2025 | current | WDI NE.TRD.GNFS.ZS |
| Exports of goods and services (% of GDP) % of GDP | 23.24 | 2025 | current | WDI NE.EXP.GNFS.ZS |
| Imports of goods and services (% of GDP) % of GDP | 22.66 | 2025 | current | WDI NE.IMP.GNFS.ZS |
| Current account balance (% of GDP) % of GDP | -2.77 | 2025 | current | WDI BN.CAB.XOKA.GD.ZS |
| Gross capital formation (% of GDP) % of GDP | 24.46 | 2025 | current | WDI NE.GDI.TOTL.ZS |
| Foreign direct investment, net inflows (% of GDP) % of GDP | 2.08 | 2025 | current | WDI BX.KLT.DINV.WD.GD.ZS |
| Manufacturing, value added (% of GDP) % of GDP | 5.32 | 2025 | current | WDI NV.IND.MANF.ZS |
| Services, value added (% of GDP) % of GDP | 67.49 | 2025 | current | WDI NV.SRV.TOTL.ZS |
| Agriculture, forestry, and fishing, value added (% of GDP) % of GDP | 2.27 | 2025 | current | WDI NV.AGR.TOTL.ZS |
| Research and development expenditure (% of GDP) % of GDP | 1.86 | 2021 | current | WDI GB.XPD.RSDV.GD.ZS |
| GDP per person employed (constant 2021 PPP $) US$ (constant 2021 PPP) per person employed | 114,582.07 | 2025 | current | WDI SL.GDP.PCAP.EM.KD |
| Population, total persons | 2.761e+7 | 2025 | current | WDI SP.POP.TOTL |
| Population growth (annual %) % change, annual | 1.53 | 2025 | current | WDI SP.POP.GROW |
| Population ages 65 and above (% of total population) % of population | 18.09 | 2025 | current | WDI SP.POP.65UP.TO.ZS |
| Central government debt, total (% of GDP) % of GDP (central government) | 57.88 | 2022 | current | WDI GC.DOD.TOTL.GD.ZS |
| Net lending (+) / net borrowing (-) (% of GDP) % of GDP (net lending/borrowing) | -1.35 | 2022 | current | WDI GC.NLD.TOTL.GD.ZS |
| Energy use (kg of oil equivalent per capita) kg of oil equivalent per capita | 4,999.85 | 2024 | current | WDI EG.USE.PCAP.KG.OE |
| Renewable electricity output (% of total electricity output) % of electricity output | 26.66 | 2021 | aging | WDI EG.ELC.RNEW.ZS |
| Energy imports, net (% of energy use) % of energy use (net imports) | -211.16 | 2024 | current | WDI EG.IMP.CONS.ZS |
| Net migration persons (5-year net, UN estimate) | 137,109 | 2025 | current | WDI SM.POP.NETM |
| School enrollment, tertiary (% gross) % gross enrolment | 108.42 | 2024 | current | WDI SE.TER.ENRR |
Australia against Canada and the world
Annual series, 1990 onward.
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Recorded links between Australia and Canada
From the relationship graph, with each link’s evidence class.
No relationship with Canada is shown for Australia yet. Showing one requires a measured exposure (for example a trade share) or a documented mechanism.